Norma Shearer (1902-1983). Lady of Chance, A (1928). Dolly 'Angel Face' Morgan Crandall. Broken Barriers (1924). Oceny, recenzje, obsada, dyskusje wiadomo Broken Barriers; A Prince in Bondage; War of the Planets; Source: See also. ASSLH » Edgar Ross and Broken Hill. John Shields. The son of socialist journalist, S. My purpose, though, is not to reflect on the totality of Edgar’s life of activism – for I cannot claim to have anything other than a rudimentary knowledge of the full canvass of his life. Rather, I want to reflect on the one phase of his life about which I do have some understanding, namely the decade which he spent working as a labour journalist and activist in the mining town of Broken Hill between 1. For both Edgar and Broken Hill, this was a decade of remarkable significance. For Edgar, it was the decade of his . For Broken Hill, the decade from 1. RS Ross had helped to usher in twenty years before) and a turn to militant economism and localism overseen by union moderates and the increasingly powerful Barrier Industrial Council (the BIC), formed in 1. For both Edgar and the Broken Hill labour movement, it was a decade of tension and transition. In a very real sense, they changed together during these years – though, as it happened, their political trajectories diverged dramatically. I’d like to explore this decade- long relationship, firstly by giving you a brief narrative account of Edgar’s 1. Broken Hill; and then by offering an assessment of the relationship: What impact did Edgar have on Broken Hill? What impact did Broken Hill have on Edgar? Movie Still Photographs, Biography and Filmography of Silent Film Star Gaston Glass. Broken Barriers (1928). Charles Hill The Red Mark (1928). Streaming resources for this Movie. Innocent Love (1928) - Quotes - IMDb. Innocent Love (1928) Quotes on IMDb: Memorable quotes and exchanges from movies, TV. LIFE OF GANDHI 1869-1948 Chapter 05: The Epic March, 1928-1931 Commentary Reel 11 Sequence 01 The Calcutta Congress was held in December 1928 under the Presidentship. As he remarked in the opening lines of his autobiography: The place – and its people – which undoubtedly had the greatest influence in determining the outline of my life, politically, socially, and in character building was . He spent the first four years of his life there with his parents and elder brother Lloyd between 1. In fact he should have been born there, but wasn’t. He was born in Brisbane – on 2. November 1. 90. 4. The year before, Bob Ross had relocated his family to Broken Hill when he had been appointed editor of the local labour movement newspaper, the bi- weekly Barrier Truth. But his mother, Ethel, had apparently baulked at giving birth in such a primitive place and ! RS’s tenure as editor of the Barrier Truth was short- lived. The paper was owned by the Barrier Branch of the Australian Labor Federation and its biggest shareholder was the local branch of the Amalgamated Miners’ Association (AMA), the largest of the Broken Hill mining unions. Ross was ousted from the editorship in late 1. AMA rank- and- file. At that stage, the AMA membership was predominantly Methodist and the cause of his removal was his advocacy of birth control and the violation of the Sabbath by holding pubic political meetings on the day. His outspokenness triggered a joint campaign against him by the Protestant Ministerial Association and the Catholic clergy. But there were successes as well: RS helped found the Barrier Socialist Party and the Barrier Social Democratic Club. He published the Club’s paper, The Flame, positioning it as a more radical alternative to the Truth (which in 1. Perhaps his greatest contribution to local consciousness- raising though was his work as local municipal librarian. The shelves of the town’s free lending library were stacked with thousands of radical works. In November 1. 90. Rosses left Broken Hill for Melbourne where RS was to take up the secretaryship of the VSP and the editorship of its paper, The Socialist. Edgar was just four years old, so the influence of this first encounter with Broken Hill must be seen as largely vicarious – that is, internalised indirectly via the other members of the family. What we can say is that for Bob Ross himself, the pre- war Broken Hill experience left an indelible mark. According to Edgar’s biography, RS: Had an enduring love of the Barrier, not only its militant industrialism but the very atmosphere of the city, with its easygoing hospitality that became legendary. He loved, too, the sprawling outback . There, Edgar attended Fairfield Public School, then to the selective University High School, where he edited the school paper and displayed a penchant for debating, music and the stage. He dabbled in the theatre and music, but politics was never far from centre- stage. He enrolled in the People’s Conservatorium (run by Annie and Dr Stuart Mackay), attended the VSP’s Socialist Sunday School, and rubbed shoulders with Adela Pankhurst, Dick Long and others on Yarra Bank during the anti- conscription campaigns of 1. He also wrote book reviews for The Socialist (Melbourne) and serving as sporting editor for the Geelong Industrial Advocate, both of which were edited by his father. By now the political die was well and truly cast. During the war years, the Rosses maintained their links with Broken Hill. RS returned briefly in 1. BDT. This was the year in which the underground miners won the first of two extraordinary industrial victories – a 4. The second – a 3. Sacked at the end of the cadetship in 1. Will Smith, the left- wing Secretary of the Victorian Branch of the Australian Railways Union, and then, equally briefly as a journalist and printer’s offsider for Webb’s Reporter(Footscray). Back to the Barrier. Then, in 1. 92. 5, aged 2. Barrier Daily Truth, now owned and published by the AMA’s successor, the Barrier Branch of the Workers Industrial Union of Australia (WIUA). The Broken Hill to which he returned was a very different place to that in which the Rosses had moved 2. But, for the WIUA syndicalists, victory came at a high price. George Kerr, undoubtedly their best strategist, lost the presidency to a moderate. His charismatic associate, Percy Brookfield, was shot dead in 1. The 1. 92. 1- 2. 2 recession stalled underground re- employment and gutted union membership, leaving the radicals’ old adversaries – the craft unions – in a much stronger position. Forced to compromise, the WIUA joined with the largest of the craft bodies, the Engine- Drivers, to reinstitute a closed shop on the mines by means of quarterly badge show days. Then in 1. 92. 3 the craft unions invited the WIUA to join their own peak body, the Broken Hill Trades and Labour Council, on their terms. This the WIUA eventually did, but only after the forced absorption of its underground rival, the Trades and Trades Labourers Union. The absorption of this moderate union served to undermine the WIU radicals further still. The new peak body, with the WIUA on board was known as the Barrier Industrial Council. By mid- 1. 92. 4, the BIC had consolidated its authority within the local union movement, and under the leadership of Paddy O’Neill had begun a process which would see economism and extra- arbitral peak level collective bargaining become the defining features of local union strategy. O’Neill himself was an ex- miner, a night soil carter and the leader of the local Municipal Employees Union. He was militant and strategically savvy but staunchly Catholic and anti- socialist. In early 1. 92. 5, under O’Neill’s guidance, the BIC finalised a triennial mines agreement with the mining companies – the first of many to come. Emblematic of the turn to economism, the 1. Married women were removed from all paid employment and the ideal of the male breadwinner enshrined in local union policy. This was the Broken Hill to which the young and idealistic EAR returned in 1. In farewelling him, RS’s advice was to beware of the town’s predatory women who, he said, had a reputation for . Edgar would have been better advised to be alert to the fact that his appointment to the staff of the BDT had made him the object of an intense political and personal squabble. There to meet him at the station was his sponsor, Paddy Lamb, an old friend of Ross’s father. Lamb was a founding member of the Communist Party. He was also a WIUA delegate to the Central Council of the Miners’ Federation and had actually championed the WIUA’s reluctant move to closer unity with the local craft unions via the BIC. He was also brother- in- law of WE Dickson, manager of the BDT. Lamb had engineered EAR’s appointment in the face of opposition from the paper’s editor, one- time IWW activist Ernest Wetherell. To add fuel to the fire, Dickson and Wetherell were evidently rivals for the hand of Lamb’s activist sister- in- law, Alice Cogan. Wetherell himself had a formidable intellect and, to Dickson’s dismay, simply revelled in the possibility of liable action by those he targeted. Wetherell was also a stayer and survivor- editing the paper until his entry into State parliament in 1. When Ross arrived at the BDT office, Wetherell accused him of being a plant to usurp his job and showed him the door. Despite the inauspicious beginning, the two eventually settled into a business- like and even close working relationship, but with Ross cast firmly in the role of subordinate and subaltern. For the first few years, he spent most of his time on court- and race- reporting and writing theatre, film and book reviews. As a denizen of town doings, he witnessed first hand the BIC’s drive to unionise the non- mine workforce and to impose a closed shop, using the weapon of the blacklist and the consumer boycott. He also witnessed some of the more ham- fisted efforts to enforce union rules in town employment. For instance, the town was almost bought to a stand- still when the owner of a local dance hall (the Palais de Danse) refused to sack a banjo player who he had employed in contravention of the Musicians Union’s seniority list. On another occasion, while standing in for Wetherell, he was hauled before the WIUA for refusing to publish a decision by the local unemployed organisation declaring a pub . The union found in his favour, arguing that only unions could impose such a ban. He held dual membership of the AJA and the WIUA.) From about 1. Ross also assumed a greater role in producing BDT editorials, standing in when Wetherell was otherwise occupied. This, though, was also the period of the Ryan- Kavanagh leadership in the CPA, with its solidarist approach to the Labor Party and its emphasis on agitprop- agitation and propagandising within the existing labour movement.
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